Linux CentOS安装MySQL5.7

移除自带MySQL

• 检测系统是否自带安装MySQL

yum list installed | grep mysql

• 移除自带MySQL

yum -y remove mysql-libs.x86_64

• 检测系统是否自带安装MariaDB（CentOS7自带MariaDB）

yum list installed | grep mariadb

• 移除自带MariaDB

yum -y remove mariadb-libs.x86_64

• 查看MySQL服务

chkconfig --list | grep -i mysql

• 删除MySQL服务

chkconfig --del mysql

• 查询是否还有MySQL文件并删除

whereis mysql

列出MySQL可安装版本

yum list | grep mysql

发现最新只有5.1版本

mysql-libs.x86_64                           5.1.73-8.el6_8              @anaconda-CentOS-201806291108.x86_64/6.10
apr-util-mysql.x86_64                       1.3.9-3.el6_0.1             base    
bacula-director-mysql.x86_64                5.0.0-13.el6                base    
bacula-storage-mysql.x86_64                 5.0.0-13.el6                base    
dovecot-mysql.x86_64                        1:2.0.9-22.el6              base    
freeradius-mysql.x86_64                     2.2.6-7.el6_9               base    
libdbi-dbd-mysql.x86_64                     0.8.3-5.1.el6               base    
mod_auth_mysql.x86_64                       1:3.0.0-11.el6_0.1          base    
mysql.x86_64                                5.1.73-8.el6_8              base    
mysql-bench.x86_64                          5.1.73-8.el6_8              base    
mysql-connector-java.noarch                 1:5.1.17-6.el6              base    
mysql-connector-odbc.x86_64                 5.1.5r1144-7.el6            base    
mysql-devel.i686                            5.1.73-8.el6_8              base    
mysql-devel.x86_64                          5.1.73-8.el6_8              base    
mysql-embedded.i686                         5.1.73-8.el6_8              base    
mysql-embedded.x86_64                       5.1.73-8.el6_8              base    
mysql-embedded-devel.i686                   5.1.73-8.el6_8              base    
mysql-embedded-devel.x86_64                 5.1.73-8.el6_8              base    
mysql-libs.i686                             5.1.73-8.el6_8              base    
mysql-server.x86_64                         5.1.73-8.el6_8              base    
mysql-test.x86_64                           5.1.73-8.el6_8              base    
pcp-pmda-mysql.x86_64                       3.10.9-9.el6                base    
php-mysql.x86_64                            5.3.3-49.el6                base    
qt-mysql.i686                               1:4.6.2-28.el6_5            base    
qt-mysql.x86_64                             1:4.6.2-28.el6_5            base    
rsyslog-mysql.x86_64                        5.8.10-12.el6               base    
rsyslog7-mysql.x86_64                       7.4.10-7.el6                base

安装MySQL5.7版本

下载地址

https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

选择对应版本及平台

• 默认最新版本，点击Looking for the latest GA version?选择5.7版本
• CentOS6选择：Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 / Oracle Linux 6 (x86, 64-bit)
• CentOS7选择：Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 / Oracle Linux 7 (x86, 64-bit)
• 拷贝RPM Package, MySQL Server、RPM Package, Client Utilities、RPM Package, MySQL Configuration下载地址

下载rpm

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-libs-5.7.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

安装MySQL

MySQL Server依赖MySQL Common、MySQL Libs、MySQL Client，所以先安装mysql-community-common、mysql-community-libs和mysql-community-server。

依次安装mysql-community-common、mysql-community-libs、mysql-community-client、mysql-community-server。

yum install -y mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
yum install -y mysql-community-libs-5.7.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
yum install -y mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
yum install -y mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

启动MySQL服务

service mysqld start

查看并修改MySQL临时密码

查看临时密码

临时密码必须修改，否则会报：ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

输出：

2019-09-23T18:24:15.254058Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ;lr!+ll4/KHb

使用临时密码登录

mysql -uroot -p

设置密码规则

set global validate_password_policy=0;
set global validate_password_length=1;

修改root用户密码

alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';

解决：1130 - Host '192.168.200.1' is not allowed to connect to this MySQL server

update mysql.user set host='%' where user='root';
flush privileges;

MySQL安全设置

mysql_secure_installation

重置密码

简单密码会报错，默认长度必须8位及以上：... Failed! Error: Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements

Securing the MySQL server deployment.

Enter password for user root: 

The existing password for the user account root has expired. Please set a new password.

New password: 

Re-enter new password: 
 ... Failed! Error: Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements

New password:

是否删除匿名用户

By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.

Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :

是否禁用root用户远程登录

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :

是否删除MySQL用于测试的数据库

By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.


Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :

是否重新加载权限表

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :

进入MySQL命令行

mysql -uroot -p

基础配置

[client]
port=3306
socket=/home/mysql/data/mysql.sock

[mysqld]

########################## 
##### Basic Settings ##### 
########################## 

user=mysql
port=3306
server_id=1
datadir =/home/mysql/data
tmpdir=/home/mysql/temp
socket=/home/mysql/data/mysql.sock
pid_file=/home/mysql/data/mysqld.pid
log_error=/home/mysql/mysqld.log


default_time_zone='+8:00'
character_set_server =utf8
collation_server=utf8_general_ci

init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
lower_case_table_names=1
skip_name_resolve=OFF


transaction_isolation=READ-COMMITTED



########################
##### Log Settings #####
########################

slow_query_log_file=/home/mysql/log/slow.log
general_log_file=/home/mysql/log/general.log
relay_log=/home/mysql/log/relay.log
relay_log_index=/home/mysql/log/relay.index
log_bin=/home/mysql/log/bin.log
log_bin_index=/home/mysql/log/binlog.index
binlog_format=ROW
binlog_rows_query_log_events=ON
binlog_cache_size=1M
max_binlog_size=2048M
log_bin_trust_function_creators=ON
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1
sync_binlog=1
expire_logs_days=0

slow_query_log=ON
log_queries_not_using_indexes=ON
log_slow_admin_statements=ON
log_slow_slave_statements=ON
log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes=10
long_query_time=5
min_examined_row_limit=100

参考

MySQL官方Linux安装教程：https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/linux-installation-yum-repo.html